What does a software developer do and how can you become one?
Every time you open your mobile apps, visit a website, pay in-store with contactless, or order food online, software developers are behind the development, design, and maintenance of the software you use.
If you've ever been intrigued by the idea of creating innovative software solutions and being at the forefront of technological advancements, then exploring a career as a software developer is a great place to start.
Whether you're a full-time working professional looking to transition into software development or a prospective undergraduate student exploring future career options, this step-by-step guide will show you the opportunities that could be yours to take.
What is a software developer?
A software developer uses their expertise in programming and software development to bring the digital world to life, often pushing the boundaries of what is possible.
Software developers combine their knowledge of software design, user needs and business goals with information technology skills that include writing code, developing web and mobile apps and maintaining computer programs, operating systems and applications. They build innovative solutions that can transform the futures of businesses, and streamline or enhance the lives of the public.
What does a software developer do?
The daily tasks of a software developer can vary by specialism and industry, making it a stimulating and rewarding profession that offers plenty of opportunities for growth and innovation.
Depending on your expertise and project, your day-to-day tasks might include:
How to become a software developer: a step-by-step guide
If you're excited by the typical tasks of a software developer, explore the following steps to find out how to become a software developer.
1. Get a relevant degree
You can develop a strong foundation in programming, algorithms, software methodologies, and computer systems from a bachelor’s degree in software development or computer science.
If you already have experience with the foundations of software engineering, a master's degree in computer science can help you specialise, for example, in artificial intelligence, web development or machine learning.
Explore our information technology degrees2. Gain practical experience
Hands-on experience in software projects can significantly enhance your skills and provide you with examples to showcase your programming knowledge. Look for opportunities such as internships, hackathons or freelance employment opportunities for insight into how software is applied in business and society.
3. Develop technical skills
You should familiarise yourself with popular programming languages such as Python, Java, or C++ which are widely used by software developers in every industry. It can also be useful to develop your understanding of data structures, database management, operating systems and popular tools and frameworks.
4. Build a portfolio
Once you've developed your hard skills, develop small-scale projects that you can compile into a portfolio to showcase your abilities to potential employers. As you learn more, you can take on more challenging projects to demonstrate additional skills, such as problem-solving and creativity. Crafting a unique portfolio can be critical to helping you stand out in the job market.
5. Networking and professional development
Networking and professional development can open up further job opportunities. Make effective use of social media by connecting with industry professionals and participating in online communities and forums, especially those run by relevant professional organisations.
By attending tech conferences and workshops, you can meet tech recruiters or software publishers who can help you advance in your career journey.
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Software developer career path
Career progression for software developers can vary based on individual aspirations, experience, and opportunities. However, the software development industry offers a wide range of opportunities for growth and advancement.
Let's explore the typical roles a software developer might take from entry-level to senior level.
1. Junior software developer
As a junior software developer, you will work under the guidance of more experienced developers and focus on learning and gaining practical experience. Junior software developers often assist in coding, testing, and debugging software applications. They also collaborate with the development team to understand project requirements in order to deliver quality software solutions.
2. Software engineer
With experience and a solid understanding of software development principles, junior software developers can progress to the role of software engineer. In this position, you'll take on more complex coding tasks, handle modules or components of larger projects, and contribute to the design and architecture of software systems. Software engineers may also be required to maintain software and be responsible for identifying and implementing improvements to existing systems.
3. Senior software developer
Senior software developers lead development teams and play an active role in planning and managing software projects. They ensure adherence to coding standards and best practices and mentor junior software developers. Senior software developers may be involved in architectural decisions and play a crucial role in solving complex technical challenges.
4. Technical lead/manager
For those who enjoy taking on leadership roles, becoming a technical lead or manager is a natural progression. Technical leads oversee development processes, coordinate team efforts, and act as a bridge between project managers and developers. You would be responsible for ensuring the successful delivery of projects, managing timelines, and helping team members grow and succeed.
5. Software architect
Software architects are often accountable for designing the overall structure and architecture of operating systems and applications. You will analyse business requirements, define technical specifications, and be responsible for key decision-making in the development process. Overall, software architects ensure the successful implementation of software solutions that meet business needs.
6. Chief Technology Officer (CTO)
At the highest levels of a software developer career, some professionals aspire to become chief technology officers. CTOs play a strategic role in organisations, setting the technology vision and direction. As a CTO, you would be responsible for making technology-related decisions, identifying innovative solutions, and driving the overall technical strategy of the company.
Soft skills required to be software developers
Soft skills can help you succeed in your goal of becoming a software developer. Emphasise these skills in your resume, portfolio, and interviews to showcase your ability to deliver high-quality software solutions.
Problem-solving
Software developers encounter complex problems that require innovative solutions. The ability to analyse problems, break them down into smaller components, and devise creative solutions is crucial. Effective problem-solving skills will enable you to write code efficiently and cleanly, resulting in robust applications.
Analytical thinking
As a software developer, you'll need to think logically and apply analytical skills to identify patterns and consider all potential outcomes. Strong analytical thinking skills will help you make decisions backed by data, improving the performance and functionality of software.
Attention to detail
A minor error in code can lead to significant issues in the functionality of an application. Attention to detail is essential for spotting and resolving bugs, making sure code is clean and readable, and producing high-quality software. Keeping close attention to detail will make you a reliable and valuable software developer.
Effective communication
Effective communication skills will help you understand software requirements, express your ideas clearly, and work collaboratively with other software developers to create software that meets project goals. Clear and concise communication ensures that everyone involved is on the same page and can contribute effectively.
Career outlook for software developers
As a software developer, you have a world of exciting career opportunities waiting for you. Whatever your career goals, the demand for skilled software developers is ever-growing.
Tech Nation has reported that software developer is consistently the most sought-after role by employers (Tech Nation, A Decade of UK Tech, 2023), which is backed up by the European Software Skills Alliance (Needs Analysis Report, 2021). To demonstrate why this growth is significant, there were around 466,000 programmers and software development professionals employed in the UK in 2021 (Statista, 2021).
How much do software developers make?
An aspiring software developer can be confident that their career path can lead to competitive and even high salaries. According to uk.indeed.com, the average salary* for a UK software developer is £49,513, while the average salary for a senior software developer is £66,532. Salaries will also vary depending on your technical skills: the average UK salary in the for senior web developers is £46,591, while the average for software engineers is £49,514.
Given the variety of programming languages, software publishers and industries, the Software Developer Salaries in the UK report by Lunem (2023) provides a more complex breakdown of salaries based on role and language – ranging from £51,750 to £72,500 per year.
*Salary information from uk.indeed.com and correct as of February 2024.
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